![]() ![]() However, his model worked well as an explanation for the emissions of the hydrogen atom, but was seriously limited when applied to other atoms. Moving up the ladder increases your potential energy, while moving down the ladder decreases your energy.īohr's work had a strong influence on our modern understanding of the inner workings of the atom. As you move up or down a ladder, you can only occupy specific rungs and cannot be in the spaces in between rungs. An everyday analogy to the Bohr model is the rungs of a ladder. The electron is not allowed to occupy any of the spaces in between the orbits. The orbits that are further from the nucleus are all of successively greater energy. The ground state of the hydrogen atom, where its energy is lowest, is when the electron is in the orbit that is closest to the nucleus. When the electron is in one of these orbits, its energy is fixed. It accounts for a wide range of physical phenomena, including the existence of discrete packets of energy and matter, the uncertainty principle, and the exclusion principle.Īccording to the Bohr model, often referred to as a planetary model, the electrons encircle the nucleus of the atom in specific allowable paths called orbits. (b) The energy of the orbit becomes increasingly less negative with increasing n. 2 The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom (a) The distance of the orbit from the nucleus increases with increasing n. This is a theory based on the principle that matter and energy have the properties of both particles and waves. In this state the radius of the orbit is also infinite. However, the Bohr Models incorporation of quantum theory set it apart from other models. This was the basis for what later became known as quantum theory. His model depicted atoms as having negatively charged electrons which orbited a small, positively charged nuclei containing most of the atoms mass, as Rutherford had done. When the energy is removed, the electrons return back to their ground state, emitting a corresponding amount of energy-a quantum of light, or photon. Niels Bohr, Danish physicist, used the planetary model of the atom to. ![]() Bohr’s theory explained the atomic spectrum of hydrogen and established new and broadly applicable principles in quantum mechanics. (Credit: Zachary Wilson Source: CK-12 Foundation License: CC BY-NC 3.0(opens in new window))īohr explained that electrons can be moved into different orbits with the addition of energy. From their sizes to their spectra, much was known about atoms, but little had been explained in terms of the laws of physics. ![]() \): Bohr's atomic model hydrogen emission spectra. ![]()
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